1
Jesus began to speak to the people by using stories. He said, "A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it. He dug a pit for a winepress. He also built a lookout tower. He rented the vineyard out to some farmers. Then he went away on a journey.
Reference
Greek: Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs)
Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
Greek: φθέγγομαι (phthéngomai)
to utter a clear sound, i.e. (generally) to proclaim
Greek: ὁ (ho)
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
Hebrew: ʼillêyn
these
Greek: δῆμος (dēmos)
the public (as bound together socially)
Hebrew: ʻam
{a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock}
Hebrew: ʻim
{adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)}
Greek: ἀπόχρησις (apóchrēsis)
the act of using up, i.e. consumption
Greek: ὅδε (hóde)
the same, i.e. this or that one (plural these or those); often used as a personal pronoun
Hebrew: hûwʼ
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Hebrew: ʼĕnâsh
a man
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Greek: ἀμπελών (ampelṓn)
a vineyard
Greek: ὅδε (hóde)
the same, i.e. this or that one (plural these or those); often used as a personal pronoun
Hebrew: hûwʼ
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
Hebrew: hâdâh
to stretch forth the hand
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Greek: τοῖχος (toîchos)
a wall
Hebrew: ʼushsharnâʼ
a wall (from its uprightness)
Hebrew: hêm
they (only used when emphatic)
Greek: ὅδε (hóde)
the same, i.e. this or that one (plural these or those); often used as a personal pronoun
Hebrew: hûwʼ
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Hebrew: bᵉʼêr
a pit; especially a well
Greek: ἀντί (antí)
opposite, i.e. instead or because of (rarely in addition to)
Hebrew: bᵉmôw
in, with, by, etc.
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Greek: ληνός (lēnós)
a trough, i.e. wine-vat
Hebrew: pûwrâh
a wine-press (as crushing the grapes)
Greek: ὅδε (hóde)
the same, i.e. this or that one (plural these or those); often used as a personal pronoun
Hebrew: hûwʼ
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
Greek: δή (dḗ)
a particle of emphasis or explicitness; now, then, etc.
Hebrew: ʼôw
desire (and so probably in Proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Greek: πύργος (pýrgos)
a tower or castle
Hebrew: bâchôwn
an assayer or metals
Greek: ὅδε (hóde)
the same, i.e. this or that one (plural these or those); often used as a personal pronoun
Hebrew: hûwʼ
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
Greek: ὁ (ho)
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
Hebrew: ʼillêyn
these
Greek: ἀμπελών (ampelṓn)
a vineyard
Greek: τοίνυν (toínyn)
truly now, i.e. accordingly
Hebrew: ʼăzay
at that time
Greek: ὅδε (hóde)
the same, i.e. this or that one (plural these or those); often used as a personal pronoun
Hebrew: hûwʼ
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
Greek: ἔξω (éxō)
out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively
Hebrew: ʼÔwn
On, an Israelite
Hebrew: ʼechâd
properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first
Greek: ὁδεύω (hodeúō)
to travel
Hebrew: mahălâk
a walk, i.e. a passage or a distance
Verse Explanation
Jesus begins speaking to the religious leaders through a parable about a man who plants a vineyard, builds a protective wall and winepress, constructs a tower, and rents the vineyard to farmers before traveling away, creating an image that would have been familiar to His audience.
History
1st century AD: Vineyards were common throughout Judea and Galilee, and Isaiah had previously used vineyard imagery to describe Israel.